Analysis Of The Book The Wanderer - 947 Words

Fear disguises itself in many forms. It can affect many. It can affect few. It derives from other people, one s self, books, movies, experiences, stories, pain, grief, and many other places. Everyone experiences fear during their lifetime, but no one’s experience is the same. As stated before, fear takes on many forms and during Anglo-Saxon times, fear came mainly in the form of exile. Exile was a threat to Anglo-Saxons based off their poems, or songs, they wrote and sang. The themes of these poems were created, in some manner, to â€Å"scare† people to follow rules, therefore most were about exile. Just like fear, exile takes on many forms and can derive from many places. â€Å"The Wanderer,† is a Anglo-Saxon poem with a theme of exile. Exile in this poem comes to a man who has lost his lord and kinsmen in war. He was not exiled by punishment, but rather by a series of tragic events. The man is especially lonely with nobody to keep him company, no food, no shelter, and no protection. Not only is the lack of resources a struggle for the man, but he feels especially isolated with no one to tell his problems and sorrows to. The feeling of sadness becomes more and more unbearable as he continues to search far and wide for a new lord. He needs to find a new lord for his own protection. During Anglo- Saxon times, a man surviving on his own, without the protection of his lord, was very slim. His feeling of unhappiness, caused by the series of tragic events, results inShow MoreRelatedGeorge Simmel s The Stranger 992 Words   |  4 Pagesexplains who the actual stranger is away from standard definition. Spatial relations within society cons ist of three types: the wanderer, the outsider and the stranger. The wanderer is one who enters society one day and leaves the next and the outsider has no direct relation to the society in which they enter. However, the stranger is unique from both the outsider and the wanderer because they actually join and remain in the society while developing a relationship to it and position within it. When referencingRead MoreAnalysis Of Percy Shelley s Frankenstein, Thomas Love Peacock And Lord Byron1486 Words   |  6 Pagessecond wife Mary Shelley who wrote the book Frankenstein, Thomas love peacock and lord Byron. This document therefore seeks to talk about the various works of Percy Shelley and how most of it has been used. Percy Shelley was associated with romantic writings. An example of such is a book he wrote which was known as The Rosicrucian. This a horror novel although romantic. It involves a main character Wolfstein who is a wanderer who is very solitary. The wanderer encounters Ginotti who is an alchemistRead MoreFrankenstein as a Gothic Novel Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesTragic wanderers, ominous atmosphere, symbolism, and themes: these are elements of a Gothic novel. Though Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, written in the early 19th century, certainly contains many components of a Gothic novel, can it be correctly grouped under that genre? A definition of a Gothic novel; according to Tracy, is a description of a fallen world. We experience this fallen world though the aspects of a novel: plot, setting, characterization, and theme (De Vore, Domenic, Kwan and Reidy)Read MoreDouble Consciousness and the Stranger Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pagesidentity, as well as an American identity. He says that African American individuals are largely excluded from the heart of society, forcing them to navigate between two worlds (ibid, 9) Du Bois believed that double consciousness is important to the analysis of Black American culture because it describes a felt contradiction between the daily experiences Blacks in America have, and their social values. Blacks perceive themselves through the generalized contempt of white America, and as a result, areRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesAlex Haley is an exciting story of personality transformation. During several years, Malcolm X told Haley his biography in several extensive interviews. Haley described and orchestrated the stories and Malcolm X edited and endorsed every part of the book. The story is narrated in the first person and it seems like Malcolm was writing this of his own. But it is important to understand that the autobiography is not written by Malcolm. Alex Haley recorded his words. The readers only have the visibilityRead MoreThe Death Of God By Martin Buber, William Barrett, And George Steiner1204 Words   |  5 Page sexposed to an unleashed rationalism and threatened by a meaningless existence. No longer were there constraints on what could be known, for all dimensions of human life, including even the most ancient texts, could be explained through scientific analysis. This provoked the â€Å"death of God†, in the words of Friedrich Nietzsche, and a rise in nihilism. This loss of security in the world has condemned man to an empty era; one of nothingness, and with no lucid image of the universe. All of these themesRead More`` The Temple Doors ``1546 Words   |  7 Pagesof these drawn out, visually arresting descriptions that tell stories crucial to the events depicted in the Aeneid. By showing these very specific works––namely that of the frescoes on Juno’s temple’s walls in Book I, the temple doors designed by Daedalus in Book VI, and Aeneas’ shield in Book VIII––in incredibly vivid detail, Virgil inserts within the text an underlying s tory of sorts. More importantly, however, Virgil’s utilization of ekphrases justifies Aeneas’ actions, while emphasizing his transitionRead MoreAnalysis Of Piscine s Religious Beliefs1747 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Piscine’s Religious Beliefs in Relation to His Life Life of Pi, written by Yann Martel explores the relation between religion and interpretation. The author creates an open door for the reader to digest the story in a number of manners causing it to be diverse. Not only is the audience compelled to be empathetic towards Piscine, but they ought to be altered spiritually and mentally due to this author’s agenda, and desired plan. This holistic route of understanding this story is purelyRead MoreAnalysis of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Analyzing a book can be a killer. Especially when it contains tons of subtle little messages and hints that are not picked up unless one really dissects the material. Mary Shelleys Frankenstein is a prime example. It is analyzed by scholars all the time because of the subtle messages it sends through its themes, one of which needs to be discussed that is called Romanticism. Romanticism dealt with simplifying things as a break from the previous age whichRead More Ambiguities Explored in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesHeart of Darkness   Ã‚  Ã‚   Literature is never interpreted in exactly the same way by two different readers. A prime example of a work of literature that is very ambiguous is Joseph Conrads, Heart of Darkness. The Ambiguities that exist in this book are Marlows relationship to colonialism, Marlows changing feelings toward Kurtz, and Marlows lie to the Intended at the end of the story.    One interpretation of Marlows relationship to colonialism is that he does not support it. Conrad

Cultural Destruction Essay examples - 2064 Words

Cultural Destruction American pop culture can readily been seen in many aspects of American life. â€Å"Pop† was originally coined to mean â€Å"popular.† While this literal meaning still holds true, pop culture has spun into a new generation. While pop still describes what is popular, the term has taken on a negative connotation. Today, the term is used to describe bands such as the Backstreet Boys and N’Sync. Britney Spears has also been coined as a pop singer. The term pop is often seen as a downfall and indicates temporary fame. Many pop artists are thought to be just that: pop artists. They do nothing more than achieve their five minutes of fame and then move on. Pop culture is destroying the greatness of American culture and putting the†¦show more content†¦Teenage boys do not care that Britney Spears is completely constructed through plastic surgery. The American music industry forces music into popularity based on trivial, vain criteria instead of true talent. Music used to convey true emotions and ideas but the music industry has destroyed these truths in the music. Music used to have meaning and expression. The lyrics of pop songs simply convey the empty emotion. Bottum writes, â€Å"The problem begins with the general failure of lyrics, the incapacity of sung words to introduce and maintain in music the ideas the music itself lacks† (Bottum). The producers are more concerned with how the words flow with the music instead of the actual content of the lyrics. The music industry creates a certain sound from the music but the content is not really important. American pop culture is the intended audience of this music and so the music industry feeds them the empty songs with a pretty face. If a person has ever had a song stuck in their head, odds are that they do not really know what the words mean. They merely regurgitate the hottest chorus from the newest pop song without really knowing the meanings of the words. We have destroyed the truth in our music by allowing ourselves to succumb to the music industry’s ideas of pop culture and pop music itself. The music industry produces these monstrosities that we call pop artists and then forces the American people to likeShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Civil War And The Destruction Of Ancient Objects And Cultural Heritage Sites2184 Words   |  9 PagesSince the early twenty-first century and even before, museums in the Middle East have had to learn to cope with conflict. Syria is the best example of a country with many cultural heritage sites and museums that are in danger due to conflict. The onset of the Syrian Civil War and the destruction of ancient objects and cultural heritage sites by ISIS have been the most recent manifestation of this. As a result of the Syrian Civil War and ISIS takeover, sites like Palmyra and the Aleppo historicRead MoreLiberation Theology And The Cultural Destruction Of Third World Countries927 Words   |  4 PagesBorn as a protest and uprising against the oppression and cultural destruction of third world countries, liberation theology is a method of Cath olic teaching in which people are liberated from their oppressors. Liberation theology’s roots stem in Latin America, where there was need for salvation and redemption of the faith. The 1960s were a time of worldwide human development, and even the Roman Catholic Church was involved. Without liberation theology, the church would have never seen a need forRead MorePotential Spatial Structures Of Peregrine Falcon Populations1549 Words   |  7 Pagesnegative human impact on the environment. Therefore, not understanding the spatial structure of the population can be seen as a conservation risk when the assumption of a homogenous spatial structure overshadows the detrimental effect of habitat destruction on the population dynamics that could otherwise have been corrected. In addition to the conservation risks of not understanding the full effects of fragmentation and habitat loss on metapopulation dynamics, another conservation risk is ignoringRead MoreMahatma Ghandi, An Indian Philosopher1424 Words   |  6 Pagesprovided displays such a stance, in regards to cultural distortion, as a result of globalization. Mahatma Ghandi, an Indian philosopher, states, â€Å"I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.† Acculturation is looked upon favourably by the speaker; he attempts to communicate how cultural exchange is a wonderful opportunity, where isolationRead MoreShould Culture Be A Commodity957 Words   |  4 Pages Should culture be a commodity? In other words, should culture be able to be bought and sold for a profit? Cultural artifacts, by any meaningful measure, currently are a commodity. They are bought and sold on the art market in places as far and wide as legitimate auctions in London or New York to sale on the thriving black market trade currently funding a brutal terrorist organization in Syria and Iraq. A more famous example, of culture acting as commodity, took place in 2007 when the Guennol LionessRead MoreHibiscus Town1496 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Hibiscus Town† is a 1986 movie which depicts the constantly changing social structure of peasant life in the period leading up to and during the Chinese Cultural Revolution. The film looks at peasant life in a small town in China, Hibiscus Town, which acts as a microcosm of China where we are able to observe how the momentum of the Cultural Revolution moved to redefine and transform class boundaries. â€Å"Hibiscus Town† concerns itself with the life of Hu Yuyin, the films protagonist, and how her newRead MoreThe Cultural Revolution : Mao Zedong1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cultural Revolution, launched by Chairman Mao Zedong in the mid-1960s, dramatically transformed Chinese society. Paul Byrne (2012 p.80) suggests that as the Cultural Revolution continued to transform China, a cult of personality was built around Mao; anyone who questioned his wisdom was an enemy of the people. The Cultural Revolution was a period of time where anything capitalist or western was brutally destroyed. The Cultural Revolution aimed to destroy ‘The Four Olds’ these being, old ideasRead MorePolitics, Place, And The Past : The Challenges Of Heritage1554 Words   |  7 Pagesworks, buildings and landscapes. The archeological resources are faced with a wide array of challenges. According to Coningham and Gunawardhana (2013) the major challenges facing the archaeological resources include looting and a high level of destruction. The damages are mainly as a result of the expansion of fields for agricultural purposes and the quarrying the ancient pillars and stone slabs for the purpose of providing building material. The reasons as to why the majority of stupas and imageRead MoreUnderstanding Identity Asolitarist Approach1630 Words   |  7 Pagesnationality. The destruction of objects, such as monuments or relics, to obstruct a collective identity has been a consistent theme in armed conflicts. During the middle ages it was believed that ‘the loss of certain key ritual objects or sites†¦[would] undermine political authority.’ Ascherson addresses how cultural objects became a symbol for national identity and because of this became targets during armed conflict, although he states that the damage to collective cultural identity has provedRead MoreMao Zedong : The Revolutionary Revolution1607 Words   |  7 PagesIf you applied the chaos theory to Chinas Revolution, Mao Zedong would most definitely be the butterfly whose wings set off a series of disasters in China. He assembled the Chinese youth in 1966, to initiate the â€Å"Cultural Revolution† . This revolution was a violent operation eliminating thoughts, customs, old Chinese culture, and habits, removing â€Å"counter-revolutionary† party members, and heightening Mao’s personality cult . In this paper, I will condense evidence collected from books, documents

Basic Human Needs And Educational Psychology examples Essay Example For Students

Basic Human Needs And Educational Psychology examples Essay Basic human needs are those needs that are essential for human survival, hence fundamental to educational psychology. It goes without saying that human needs should be met first, such as air, food, water, shelter, and clothing. These necessities hold the top priorities in the ranking of human needs. There is a great connectedness between basic human needs and educational psychology. Educational psychology is navigated with one primary motive to scientifically study human learning and how learning process can be affected by both cognitive and behavioral perspectives that eventually become the reason for differences in intelligence, development process, and self-assertiveness. It is also undeniable that educational psychology solely depends on empirical research and quantitative methodologies to make conclusions on a concept like learning more about basic human needs. Measuring, testing assessment, and management are factors critical in making understanding basic human needs, especially in educational psychologies. Abraham Maslow has been credited for his great contribution to human needs which are hierarchically arranged from the most basic to self-actualization. The process is often affected by an individual’s level of arousal, competence, self-worth evaluation, self-esteem, and diversity as noted in our textbook (Ormrod). Arousal is the need for stimulation in people, especially in the attainment of basic needs. Human beings arousal triggers their need to strive and thus, attain the basic needs. For instance, drives like hunger and thirst will stimulate a person to counter attack by finding food and water. Such drives are known as primary drives which will automatically respond to basic needs. Alternatively, there are secondary . .d to the ultimate measure for them to attain their basic needs. In other words, minds and culture have a lot of doing with personality, motivation, and attainment of basic needs in the long run. Awareness of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory should be the best interest of both teachers and students, should they need success in learning about the basic needs. Educational psychologists like teachers use Abraham Maslow’s concept of the hierarchy of needs to expand on arousal, competence, self-determination, universality and diversity to understand the various approaches taken by human beings of basic needs satisfaction. For instance, teachers of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs know to give strategies and the proper lesson plans and also, give students an ample environment for study as they strive to attain self-actualization purposing to satisfy their basic needs.

Study of Entertainment Places in Thimphu free essay sample

Correspondence with proprietors of Snooker in Thump This report was gathered by meaner of questionnaires. The total of 13 proprietors of snooker was interviewed in the main town. They shared views on the cause of problems in the entertainment places in general and specifically about how they conduct their places of entertainment to avoid possible inconveniences with and among the customers. In order to obtain the overview on the cause of problems and solutions to the same, they were also asked to rate their perceptions on the likeliness o cause problems and effectiveness of solutions. General Responses: In general, they responded that they did not witness any problem in their places of entertainment owing to the following reasons: 1. They dont let youth under substance and alcohol influence to come over and play. 2. Most visitors come in group and play amongst the group and chances of getting into problem are minimal after all. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Entertainment Places in Thimphu or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. They follow the closure timings strictly. So they dont find any problem in their entertainment place. 4. With clear directives from the authority on banning he sale of alcohol, the possibility to cause problem is reduced. Proprietors Perception on the Cause of Problems Figure 1 below shows the owners perception to the cause of problems. The numbers range in accordance of the seriousness in problems. It was rated on 6 point liker scale with 6 being most likely to cause problems and 1 being least likely to cause problems. Figure 1: Proprietors perception on the likely cause to problems in the entertainment places Maximum respondents rated the sale of alcohol freely as most likely cause to the robbers in the entertainment places and the drug use and lenient sentencing as next likely cause to the problems. Nearly half the respondents felt that Poor prenatal supervision and poor conduct of the staffs are least likely cause to the problem. They also commented that as most entertainment places are run purely for the commercial purpose, they have a professional set of staffs to conduct the entertainment places. Proprietors perception on effectiveness of crime reducing measures Figure 2 represents the proprietors perception on the effectiveness to educing crimes from the entertainment places. It is measured on 5 point liker with 5 being most effective measure to reducing crime and 1 being least effective. Figure 2: Owners perception on crime reducing measures 9 of the 13 respondents said that increasing police patrols in the vicinity of the entertainment places would be most effective measure in reducing crimes that evolve from the entertainment places. Banning the sale of alcohol beverages in the entertainment places was rated as the next effective measure in reduction of crimes. The number of respondents who have chosen the most effective measure as banning increasing police patrols. The respondents submitted their views that if tight security and the guidelines to stop the sale of alcoholic beverages are in place, other variables as early closure and reduction of operational days are taken care simultaneously. Specific Action Recommendations and Suggestions from the proprietors of entertainment places 1. Some snookers are operated without a valid operating license and enjoys equal opportunity to compete in the market. Authority must look into the matter seriously and take necessary actions. 2. Tuesday which is supposed to be non-operational day, recently with banning the sale of alcohol in the places of entertainment like snookers, it would be better if authority could kindly consider Tuesdays to be operational days. 3. There is a need for security personnel around the immediate vicinity of the entertainment places. 113 dial sometimes become a problem when people who get into problem run away from the scene immediately before police team arrive the scene.

Birkenau Essays - Auschwitz Concentration Camp, Bayer AG

Birkenau Essays - Auschwitz Concentration Camp, Bayer AG Birkenau Birkenau I did reasearch on Birkenau, a concentration camp used in the Holocaust also know as Auschwitz. I chose this particular topic because, I thought it would be interesting to learn about the concentration camps used in the Holocaust. The two sources i used for my presentation is an internet site and the encarta encloypedia. The Nazis established Auschwitz in April 1940 under the direction of Heinrich Himmler, chief of two Nazi organizations the Nazi guards known as the Schutzstaffel , and the secret police known as the Gestapo. The camp at Auschwitz originally housed political prisoners from occupied Poland and from concentration camps within Germany. Construction of nearby Birkenau (Brzenzinka), also known as Auschwitz II, began in October 1941 and included a women's section after August 1942. Birkenau had four gas chambers, designed to resemble showers, and four crematoria, used to incinerate bodies. Approximately 40 more satellite camps were established around Auschwitz. These were forced labor camps and were known collectively as Auschwitz III. The first one was built at Monowitz and held Poles who had been forcibly evacuated from their hometowns by the Nazis. Prisoners were transported from all over Nazi-occupied Europe by rail, arriving at Auschwitz in daily convoys. Arrivals at the complex were separated into three groups. One group went to the gas chambers within a few hours; these people were sent to the Birkenau camp, where more than 20,000 people could be gassed and cremated each day. At Birkenau, the Nazis used a cyanide gas called Zyklon-B, which was manufactured by a pest-control company. A second group of prisoners were used as slave labor at industrial factories for such companies as I. G. Farben and Krupp. At the Auschwitz complex 405,000 prisoners were recorded as laborers between 1940 and 1945. Of these about 340,000 perished through executions, beatings, starvation, and sickness. Some prisoners survived through the help of German industrialist Oskar Schindler, who saved about 1000 Polish Jews by diverting them from Auschwitz to work for him, first in his factory near Krakw and later at a factory in what is now the Czech Republic. A third group, mostly twins and dwarfs, underwent medical experiments at the hands of doctors such as Josef Mengele, who was also known as the Angel of Death. The camp was staffed partly by prisoners, some of whom were selected to be kapos (orderlies) and sonderkommandos (workers at the crematoria). Members of these groups were killed periodically. The kapos and sonderkommandos were supervised by members of the SS; altogether 6000 SS members worked at Auschwitz. By 1943 resistance organizations had developed in the camp. These organizations helped a few prisoners escape; these escapees took with them news of exterminations, such as the killing of hundreds of thousands of Jews transported from Hungary between May and July 1944. In October 1944 a group of sonderkommandos destroyed one of the gas chambers at Birkenau. They and their accomplices, a group of women from the Monowitz labor camp, were all put to death. When the Soviet army marched into Auschwitz to liberate the camp on January 27, 1945, they found about 7600 survivors abandoned there. More than 58,000 prisoners had already been evacuated by the Nazis and sent on a final death march to Germany. In 1946 Poland founded a museum at the site of the Auschwitz concentration camp in remembrance of its victims. By 1994, about 22 million visitors 700,000 annually had passed through the iron gates that bear the motto Arbeit macht frei (work makes one free). What i found most interesting about Birkenau was how many prisoners they had in these concentration camps.

Quick Query Makeover

Quick Query Makeover A full-time freelance writer needs to churn out enough salable ideas to earn a living. Your articles are your lifeline, the reason you eat and have a roof over your head. However, some freelancers still believe in the muse myth. If youre a believer in that mystical being, then freelance writing is not for you. This business is for the tough, industrious sort willing to spend many hours creating copy and appropriating ideas. Dispel the muse myth and become more efficient in your career with these tips. I used them to improve my query output. At the beginning of my career, I submitted about a query a week. As my business skills and creativity bloomed, I grew up to three pitches a day. 1. Many magazines have Twitter feeds embedded at their websites. Website tweets are great places for article ideas, especially if you want to pitch a timely topic. For example, I caught the attention of a regional business-magazine editor 2. If you receive a rejection, do what I learned in college creative-writing class. See your sources as fictional characters. Your sources can be as compelling as Mr. Darcy and Carrie Bradshaw. First, describe your sources educational and professional background; delve into their duties, their family lives, what they like, what they hate. For example, write about the fitness instructor you wanted to use in your rejected query from Prevention. Write about her college years at Princeton, her years as a corporate lawyer on Wall Street, how she escaped the rat race and became her dream occupation. Before, she was just an expert in a health article. Now, she can be profiled in a womans magazine; mentioned in a lifestyle magazine for lawyers or fitness instructors; emphasized in a regional magazine in New Jersey. 3. Write pre-pitches. This idea doesnt work when youre new to an editor. However, if you received encouragement from an editor who rejected your queries, try submitting a brief sentence describing your idea and requesting whether the editor finds it a good match. After publishing my first article on a feminist website, Ive learned to regularly send sentence-long pitches to the managing editors. Occasionally I get an acceptance. Even if you currently write part-time, my tips will help you network with editors. In an industry where youre competing with thousands of other writers and thousands of other ideas, youre only as good as submitting articles on time and building a good reputation with publications. The muse myth doesnt recognize that. Like a lazy romantic partner, it must go. Behlor Santi thebxscribbbler1980@gmail.com www.behlorsanti.net

Asian Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Asian Cinema - Essay Example Emergence of women’s cinema in China Being a woman in patriarchy has been a resonating theme in the Chinese films of the 1980s, where the narrative accorded women a central position in the purview of cinematic representation (Dissanayake 13). While the mainstream Chinese cinema of the 20th century was benchmarked on portraying martial arts in all its fury, there had been a diversion, albeit at a subliminal level, in the way women directors addressed gender discourses in relation to making of the modern Chinese society. However, one can find a blend of different opinions coming from women directors of contemporary Chinese cinema. Cui cites an interview where three well-known Chinese women directors talked about three distinct purposes behind filmmaking. Director of Sacrificed Youth Zhang Nuanxin candidly admitted that she was driven more by artistic impulses than by pledging allegiance to any particular genre of cinema, contextually ‘women’s cinema’. Maker o f The Women’s Story Peng Xiaolian endorsed the idea that women’s cinema should by all means reflect â€Å"a woman’s psychology†, whereas Hu Mei insisted that films centered on women ought to be compelling enough to let the audience view the world before the camera from women’s perspectives . When it comes to granting exclusivity to women’s cinema, very few directors from the Chinese diaspora could successfully negotiate the mammoth task of depicting women’s lives during the transnational shift in the 1990s. Hong Kong-based director Ann Hui is certainly amongst those rare breed of filmmakers who set a paradigm for understanding the concerns only women dealt with in times of handover. (Eleftheriotis and Needham 89). Hui’s Song of the Exile (1990) delineates with profound craftsmanship the intersections between political landscape and subjective memory, and examines the contours of individualism and interpersonal relationships. In years to come, Ann Hui would become the most revered Chinese woman director in Hong Kong, garnering international fame (Wang 35). Populated by female characters, the film analyses the agony of homecoming at a time of personal and national turmoil. Most importantly, Song of the Exile incites the viewers to support the feminine viewpoint embedded in the storyline (Naficy 233). Clara Law: Films at cultural crossroads Macau-born woman director Clara Law, who later migrated to Australia before the United Kingdom transferred sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People’s Republic of China in 1997, is most well known for her directorial masterpieces Farewell, China (1990), Autumn Moon (1992), Floating Life (1996) and The Goddess of 1967 (2000). Law’s films powerfully deliver the message that gender identity is susceptible to falter under cross-cultural influence. The first three of the aforementioned films sketch the lives of young people roving from one continent to another in search of fortune. The concept of the Global Chinese, as posited by Marchetti, becomes pronounced in Law’s cinematic undertakings that draw migrant characters without any apparent homogeneity in class, ethnicity, age, or gender traveling around the globe

Wine Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Wine Industry - Essay Example Among the new player is the New Zealand Wine Industry, even though it has a low base in 1980s at just about 4.5 million dollars in export, now it has exceeded it initial targets by 50%. The New Zealand Wine Industry was dominated by four major players that account for almost 80% of all exports and 16% is accounted from the 17 medium sized wineries. Almost all these wineries export a third of their production volume. One of this medium sized winery is the Coopers Creek (Case Study, 2001). Coopers Creek was established by Andrew and Cynthia Hendry in 1980. Andrew being a former worker in a wine company and Cynthia on pate making venture proved to be a right combination. The winery is located between the Huapai and Kumeu region in northwest Auckland that includes a four hectare vineyard. The company was formed with the partnership of its first winemaker, Randy Weaver and vintage and soon after the first label was introduced to the market (www.cooperscreek.com.nz/history.html). The company was arranged in a way that the winemaker, Andrew and the shareholders, made up mostly of grape growers, share a third of the company. He intentionally wanted the winemaker to be a part owner to have a more hands on approach in wine making at the same time joins in major decisions awaiting the company. The growers on the other hand wanted to be paid the highest price for its grape but at the same time as shareholders, they wanted to bargain for lower prices. That is why, as profits were generated, Andrew bought the share of the growers because it became difficult for them to play on both sides. Just after two years, the first Coopers Creek vintage was produced and soon after that the first label was introduced in the local market (Case Study, 2001) . After acquisition of additional vineyards and a new winemaker after Randy returned to the US, Kim Crawford the company continued to explore additional markets. It is their primary objective to grow the grapes where they grow best for best grapes are reflected in their wines. Coopers Creek was then considered to be one of the successful medium-sized winery of the decade and at the same time an 'Award for Excellence in Exporting' was received by the company in 1997. Now, at almost 20 years, the winery is still developing ways to improve its products with its new winemaker Simon Nunns. A steady increase in its production volume was observed in order to meet the local and international demand of its products (www.cooperscreek.com.nz/history.html). Business Background One of the initial strategies utilised by Hendrey was establishing collaboration between local competitors in the west Auckland area. It was during one of his visit in Australia that he observed the collaboration of some Australian wineries locally and he wanted to try the idea in New Zealand. The group regularly meets to decide their next move. They initially formed a joint advertising and promotion relationship with each other that they arranged special tours, special wines and music at each vineyard as part of their marketing strategy. They also collaborate on wine tasting when introducing new wines and labels. As the success of their collaboration on the marketing initiatives was felt, they also decided to collaborate also

Culture And Crime Essay Example for Free

Culture And Crime Essay The crime rate of societies differs with each other. If the crime rates of European countries and American countries were compared, the results would be different. The same is true if countries from the East and West were compared in regards to their crime rates. This can be attributed perhaps to different norms and concepts on crime of different societies, as well as the overall way of life of the people in any given area. If this were analyzed further, it will be noted that culture plays a role in the way that crime is viewed in a given society. This essay deals with the concept of culture, especially in the way that it relates to crime. Culture, Society and Criminality Before juxtaposing crime and culture, however, it would be necessary to define the overly used and abused concept of culture. Generally, culture is the overall pattern of the way of life of a given community of people together with the structures of symbols and meanings that they attach to various aspects of their society. This also includes the morality of the society as well as the collection of acceptable and non-acceptable behaviors (Krober Kluckhohn, 1952). Since the moral system is included here, it impinges upon the conception of what is right, as well as the way that people in a given society view law, together with the commission of crimes. Given that culture affects the overall lifestyle of peoples in a society, it is inevitable that crimes are also affected by culture. For example, in a study conducted by Karstedt (2001), she mentioned that culture has been recognized by criminology as one of the factors influencing crime. The study took note of various social control means in Asian countries with low crime rate such as Japan. Karstedt called for the introduction of methods and ways through which cultures may be effectively compared to study the differences in culture and its impact on crime. By conducting an extensive survey in one of the Southern States in the US, Warner (2003) found out that cultural disorganization affect crimes. Her findings show that a prevailing culture conditioned by disadvantage in the society and the disconnection of social ties have significant impact on the level of social relationships and ties of the community. This in turn impacts informal modes of social control in the society. Without these informal social control, it would the tendency for crimes to be committed becomes stronger. On the other hand, Leonardsen (2002) investigated the apparent anomaly of Japan—an urban country with very low crime rate. In his study, Leonardsen pointed out to apparent loss of too much individualism in Japan while focusing on the overall community. He argued that although the loss of individuality can be seen in Japan, it has much to teach to Western countries, especially regarding identity, obligations and social connections. Conclusion Based on the studies mentioned above, it can be seen that indeed culture has a significant impact on crime. Crime cannot only be prevented through formal means such as law, police force, and the prison system. Rather, there are informal institutions and norms that help prevent or perhaps encourage the occurrence of crime. When social ties are severed and a â€Å"negative† culture of the disadvantaged spawns, social controls are weakened, thus increasing the likelihood of the occurrence of crime. A focus on the community’s norms, however, can result to a more orderly society with low incidence of crime. These studies are congruent with Black’s theory that if the culture and the means of informal social control in a society are weak, then the tendency for that society is to have laws that are more powerful as compared with other societies with stronger social control means (Black, 1976). A combination of effective laws and informal social controls, are however necessary so that order can be kept within the society. Reference Black, D. (1976). The Behavior of Law. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Karstedt, S. (2001). Comparing Cultures, Comparing Crime: Challenges, Prospects and Problems for a Global Criminology. Crime, Law and Social Change, 36 (3), 285-308. Kroeber, A. L. Kluckhohn, C. (1952). Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum. Leonardsen, D. (2002). The Impossible Case of Japan. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 35 (2), 203-229. Warner, B. D. (2003). The Role of Attenuated Culture in Social Disorganization Theory. Criminology, 41 (1), 73-98.

James Meredith and the University of Mississippi’s Integration Essay

James Meredith and the University of Mississippi’s Integration When a person presently looks at university school systems, one never imagines the struggle to obtain such diverse campuses. With Caucasians, Asians, Latinos, and African Americans all willing and able to attend any institution, it is difficult now to envision a world where, because of one’s skin color, a person is denied university acceptance. In actuality, this world existed only fifty years ago. In a time of extreme racial discrimination, African Americans fought and struggled toward one of many goals: to integrate schools. As a pioneer in the South, a man named James Meredith took a courageous step by applying to the University of Mississippi, an all white university. After overcoming many legal and social obstacles, the University of Mississippi’s integration sent positive effects rippling among universities across the nation. As a native Mississippian, James Meredith honestly lived and worked all of his life. After serving nine years in the United States Air Force, Meredith wholeheartedly absorbed John F. Kennedy’s ideals on â€Å"civil rights† and decided to apply to the University of Mississippi (Howard 1060). Upon applying, Meredith knew that if accepted, he would be the first African American student to attend the University of Mississippi. Deep in the heart of the South, the state of Mississippi prided itself on its all white campuses and resistence toward integration. Little did they know that James Meredith, an uprising civil rights activist, would pull a racial chord in the university that would change it for lifetimes to come. From past observations, acceptance into â€Å"Ole Miss† appeared impossible for an African American. With â€Å"[f]our known... ...Sept. 1962: 1. Buckley, Thomas. â€Å"Tear Gas and Sticks Repel Wild Student Charges.† New York Times 1 Oct. 1962: 23. Cohodas, Nadine. â€Å"James Meredith and the Integration of Ole Miss.† The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education 16 (Summer, 1997): 112-22. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1077-3711%28199722%290%3A16%3C112%3AJMATIO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W Howard, William L.. â€Å"Meredith, James Howard.† The African American Encyclopedia. 1993. â€Å"Meredith’s Fight for Admission to University Spans 16 Months.† New York Times 1 Oct. 1962: 25. â€Å"Mississippi Rejoins the Union.† New York Times 1 Oct 1962: 30. Sitton, Claude. â€Å"Negro At Mississippi U. As Barnett Yields; 3 Dead In Campus Riot, 6 Marshals Shot; Guardsmen Move In; Kennedy Makes Plea.† New York Times 1 Oct. 1962: 1. Smith, Hendrick. â€Å"Johnson Is Fined.† New York Times 30 Sept. 1962: 1.

Organizational Behavior – Jean Lewis at Staples Case Study

LDP1 July 17, 2007 The interchange between task behavior, relationship behavior, and follower readiness is the foundation of situational leadership. Different focus on relationship or task behavior is applied to followers on different readiness levels. Task behavior is the degree of detailed direction given by a leader to a follower or a group for them to perform a task. Included in these directions are specifics of the methodology to perform the task as well as the place and the parties involved.Relationship behavior is the grade of interaction between the leader and the follower or group. Readiness is the degree of willingness and capability that a follower demonstrates. â€Å"The two major components of readiness are ability and willingness† (Hersey, Blanchard, & Johnson, 2001) Ability is composed of the follower’s qualifications for a particular task. Hersey (2001) catalogs these qualifications as knowledge, skill and experience. Willingness is the level of confiden ce, commitment and motivation that someone shows.Willingness is not a personal attribute as it varies from a task to another. Confidence is the expressed belief that one is able to perform a task. The fact that an individual is confident does not necessarily make him capable of completing an assignment, as it is a mental state rather than a measure of skills. Commitment is an established dedication to undertake a responsibility, and motivation is the expressed desire to do it. Based on the degree of ability and willingness an individual can be classified into four levels of readiness as follows: R1 – Unable and UnwillingR2 – Unable but Willing R3 – Able but Unwilling R4 – Able and Willing R1 individuals do not have either the necessary level of skill or the commitment to perform a task. R2 individuals are not qualified, yet have the willingness to undertake the responsibility. R3 individuals have the ability to perform the task but are reluctant to execut e it. Finally, R4 individuals have the ability and the willingness to complete a task. The situational leadership model institutes four different leadership styles to pair with each of the four readiness levels.These styles are characterized by the different combinations of relationship and task behavior and are defined as follows: Style 1 or S1 – This style of leadership characterized by a high amount of task and low amount of relationship behavior should be used on individuals on the first level of readiness. It is also known as crisis leadership as it is a good practice on a critical situation when the leader doesn’t have the time to explain the â€Å"whys† of the objectives to the followers or research the readiness level of the group.For instance during a fire the fire department personnel is likely to use this type of leadership to evacuate a building. Style 2 or S2 – Typified by high levels of both, task and relationship behaviors, this style shoul d be used in individuals on the second level of readiness. These individuals lack the skills to complete a task, therefore a great deal of direction (task behavior) is needed. Since they are trying, it is important to encourage them to continue their progress (relationship behavior).Style 3 or S3 – Low task and high relationship behavior set this leadership style apart, and should be used on followers on readiness level 3. These individuals have the skill level necessary to complete a task, therefore high amounts of direction are unnecessary. However, since they are unwilling the leader must spend time participating in bilateral communication to encourage them and facilitate decision making. Style 4 or S4 – Characterized by low levels of both relationship and task behaviors. Hersey (2001) describes this leadership style as delegating.R4 individuals are able and willing to undertake a task, reducing the leader’s participation to monitoring progress. As we can see in this model, the readiness level of an individual is what determines the leadership style to be applied. Consequently, it is the follower and not the leader that establishes the leadership style. In her time at Staples, Jeanne Lewis applied different leadership styles to accommodate the different readiness levels of her employees. Until she started working in the marketing department she experienced different levels of rejection from her staff that translated into unwillingness.Jeanne describes her experience in operations as â€Å"managing a group of people who had ‘been there, done that’ for years. † And yet, she continues, â€Å"we had a situation where the stores weren’t performing well, and I had to tell them to make money and grow sales. †(Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc, 2001) From her words we can perceive that her staff was in a R1 readiness level. Unwilling because they did not think Jeanne had the experience necessary to run the departmen t, and unable at some level because the stores were not performing well.Jeanne used a S1 leadership style to match the readiness level of her staff. This leadership style, characterized by high task and relationship behavior, has been described as crisis leadership. Jeanne made many changes in the department in a short period of time, so abundant clear and concise direction was necessary. Also due to the reluctance of the operations staff, high levels of multi-way communication were needed. This leadership style is used to help followers advance in their readiness levels, and should only be used in times of crisis.We can presume from her direct report’s description of Jeanne’s management style that she did exactly that. â€Å"She tended to manage tightly at first,† he said, â€Å"then loosened the reins† I think it is safe to assume that her â€Å"loosening the reins†(Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc, 2001) was caused by an upwards variation of her sta ff’s readiness level which in turn we can attribute to her management style, and personal charm, and hard-working attitude to elevate follower’s willingness, and clear direction and new training programs to raise ability.A similar situation happened in merchandising. We can learn much of Lewis’ progression of management style by her report’s statement that â€Å"at first impression he worried that Lewis might be a micro-manager, but he soon realized that she liked to inspire dialog and debate to ensure that they dug deeply in their decision making† (Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc, 2001). We cannot discard that his first impression was correct, and it is not his erception of Jeanne’s personality that changed, but her management style. When Jeanne was transferred to the marketing department, she found a different situation. She found a talented staff, able and willing to do the job that was requested of them, so she took the passenger sit and le aded them using low task and low relationship behavior (S4). Much to her surprise the followers started experiencing a regressing in their readiness level, going from an able-and-willing group to an able-but-insecure state.Perhaps the distress of the failed merger caused the insecurity. Jeanne needed to adjust her leadership style to include more participation and multi-directional communication (relationship behavior), but running between floors and â€Å"changing hats† all the time did not leave her enough time thus she insisted that her replacement in merchandising be appointed in order to free her schedule. I think Jeanne Lewis is a perfect example of a situational manager.During the whole time I spent reading the case study I could not help but see how she adjusted her management style precisely as the situation required it. Works Cited: Hersey, P. , Blanchard, K. H. , & Johnson, D. E. (2001). Management of organizational behavior: Leading human resources (8th ed. ). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Pp. 171-203. Suesse, J. M. (2000). Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc. (A) (Abridged). Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing. Pp. 1-14 (78-91).

Aggressive Behavior of Marine Fishes

The notion of â€Å"survival of the fittest† of Charles Darwin denotes competition in the available life resources among living organisms. Biologists typically classify competition as exploitative or scramble competition and interference or defense competition (Reebs, 2008). In exploitative competition, the species explore every nook in the environment to search for the best niche, ample food supply or even the best mate.On the other hand, defense competition results when a particular species defend their niche, food stuffs, offspring, and mate against invading animals (Reebs, 2008). With these, animals show aggressive behaviors to warn other species or to defend themselves.Hierarchical Social Structure Among FishesChasing and biting are commonly observed among fishes especially when a new one was placed in the group of fishes in a tank or an aquarium. Aggressive behaviors are shown by dominant fishes in the group until such time that a certain order was attained within the gr oup where specific place for every fish has been defined (Reebs, 2008).This is called as hierarchy among fishes for a single fish dominates other fishes in the group. Since fishes not only spend high energy in fighting but also suffer injuries (Reebs, 2008), the attainment of harmony within their group through hierarchical social structure benefits them all.This phenomenon is observed among the school of salmonids, eels, centrarchids, catfishes, poeciliids, and other species (Reebs, 2008).In the hierarchy, the dominant fish tends to limit the access of subordinate fishes to available life resources such as food. As commonly observed in brown bullhead, salmon, cichlids, and medaka, the dominant fish chases subordinate fishes away from food resources (Reebs, 2008).Thus, they are forced to occupy the barren part of the habitat. As a consequence, fishes in the lower ranks are prone to stress due to annoyance and bullies of dominant fishes.This stress induces them to release metabolic ho rmones, as revealed by blood analysis of subordinate fishes (Reebs, 2008), that may affect then their physiological processes including growth and reproduction.The stability of the dominant status depends on the type of fish species. For instance, rainbow trout can remember their hierarchical place. Even if there will be a reduction in the physical strength of the dominant fish, lower rank fished would not attempt to take advantage and stage a coup (Reebs, 2008).On the contrary, catfishes in lower rank often look for an opportunity to dethrone the dominant fish as it shows weakness (Reebs, 2008). In the same manner, as the dominant males of cichlid guard the breeding areas, subordinate males always look for an opportunity of entreating females. These experimental observations proved the social dynamics among fishes.Territorial Defense and Aggressive BehaviorsIt was observed among Cottus bairdii and Rhinichthysvcataractae that adults used to occupy the deeper part of their habitat wh ile the young forages on the shallow part (Reebs, 2008). This condition not only exposes the young to the threat of predation but also limits their food access.Meanwhile, in Betta splendens, the nest-holding males tend to display more aggressive behavior during the female laying of eggs and even more after the hatching of eggs (Jaroensutasinee and Jaroensutasinee, 2003). Also, black-belt cichlids, Cichlasoma maculicauda, assault egg predators more ferociously than non-egg predators (Reebs, 2008). They usually fry the enemy at a particular distance before launching an attack.This territoriality in terms of food resources defense is effectively done over fairly small habitat. If food resources are in a vast area, the dominant fish can hardly provide efficient protection, hence, leading to non-display of aggressive behaviour (Reebs, 2008).Trout and salmon have been observed to occupy and protect vast areas when food resources are limited. This means that territorial defense is absent i f the ecological needs are distributed in vast areas and if the number of intruders is great as compared with the inhabitant fishes (Reebs, 2008).Mating and Aggressive BehaviorsFish may acquire aggressive behavior by merely just observing aggression between conspecifics (Clotfelter and Paolino, 2003). The presence of audience during fish fight may reason out for the increased behavioral display between fighting fishes (Doutrelant and McGregor, 2000).In B. splendens, male-fight losers used gill cover to attract non-witness female while the winner displayed to both witness and non-witness females (Herb, Biron, and Kidd, 20030). After witnessing the two-male wrestle, the female fighting fish, B. splendens, spent time more often with the winner while failure to witness the event, the female visited more often the loser (Doutrelant and McGregor, 2000).Conversely, although size-advantage males of B. splendens species have more chance of winning male-fight but the winning does not affect f emale preferences of mate (Jaroensutasinee and Jaroensutasinee, 2001).Dominant males of swordtails and guppies delve on the larger part of their habitat including the dwelling place of the females (Reebs, 2008). Due to dominant exclusion, the sexual activities of subordinate fishes tend to be suppressed.This process of exclusion paves the ways for the subordinate male guppies to spontaneously develop a more robust body color that is more attractive for female guppies, thus, regaining the chance for mating (Reebs, 2008).Biological Bases of AggressionAggressive behaviors among animals are typically attributed to the biochemical function of the androgens. Researches revealed that by androgen decrease in a number of animal male species through castration lessened aggression while injection of hormones to castrated males caused regained aggressions (Desjardins, Hazelden, Van der Kraak, and Balshinea, 2005).Based on the findings of the group of John Wingfield, aggression can also be ascri bed to physiological causes. They postulated through Challenge Hypothesis that aggressive encounters among males of the same species lead to production of androgens (Desjardins, Hazelden, Van der Kraak, and Balshinea, 2005).Their notion resulted to the emersion of several studies relating aggressive behaviors with increase in androgen, urinary, plasma, and fecal level.

buy custom Dreams of Trespass essay

buy custom Dreams of Trespass essay This novel has been written by Fatima Mernissi, and is considered to be one of the most significant books in explaining the social position of Arab and Muslim women. This novel is an autobiography of Fatima herself as she had spent her childhood in Morocco during the 1940s. Fatima presents the ideas, thoughts and dreams of the local people in a very effective way. She weaves in and out of these features putting forward her life in a very appealing manner. Fatima does ensure that she puts forward the religious aspects and the cultural importance of various things, and how they tend to change with the changes in technology. These changes in technology had caused people to travel more and as a result people of different cultures and backgrounds had come together. The author uses the book as a medium to explain things which she once did not understand and did not expect the people to understand them as well. Collectively the book has a very long lasting effect on the reader as they face the world through the eyes of Fatima and how she tries to make snse of the world around herself. She is faced by many rules and laws which she does not understand fully but has to follow because of living in the society in which she was born. One of the major themes of this book is the covering of the women. Women were required to stay inside harem in the house and were not allowed to leave the house until they received consent of the male authority of the house. Even then they were allowed to leave being completely covered and their attire included a veil. The world was progressing swiftly and there was a shift towards protecting the rights of women and granting them freedom. This was also affecting the Muslim world. Even within Fatimas household there was a consistent shift towards the women rights. Some opposed to deviate from the traditional customs and principles and others were pushing hard for liberation and freedom. With all the conflict going on inside the household relating to the rights of women, the eight year old Fatima tries to understand the essence behind these problems. She beggins to search answers for essential questions that what was a harem and why were Muslim women forced to inhabit it. A large portion of the book has this theme and how the females of the society feel about it. The authors recalling of her childhood memories may seem to many as criticism of the lives of the women. However, what the author is aiming to highlight that there are some instances when a person is bound by the culture of the society which they live in. But, the essence is that how they are able to face it and how the women in her community were able to channel their thoughts and live in the society. Therefore, by using the innocence of an eight year old child Fatima puts forward many themes which and eight year old child is unlikely to understand. These themes in fact help the other people in the society and the readers to realize that there is always a clash between cultures and within them as well. This may not be easy to understand always but it exists and shapes the way of our lives. The women in the childhood of the author are faced by a similar situation. Buy custom Dreams of Trespass essay

How to Play Chinese Liars Dice

How to Play Chinese Liars Dice Throughout China, Liar’s Dice (è ª ªÃ¨ ¬Å Ã¨â‚¬â€¦Ã§Å¡â€žÃ© ª °Ã¥ ­ , shuÃ… huÇŽng zhÄ› de shÇŽizi) is played during holidays, especially Chinese New Year. The fast-paced game can be played by two or more players and the number of rounds is limitless. Players usually agree to a predetermined number of rounds or set a time limit but none of that is set in stone; new players and additional rounds can be added as the game goes along. While the number of players and rounds may be casual, Liar’s Dice can also be quite intense as its traditionally a drinking game. In China, in addition to holiday celebrations, its also common to see it being played at bars, in clubs, and even outdoors at sidewalk restaurants. What Youll Need to Play Liars Dice One cup for each playerFive dice for each playerOne table How to Play the Game The first player, Player One, is determined by rolling the dice to see who has the highest number. Once play has started, the winner from the previous round goes first. If there are more than two players, decide in advance if the play will move clockwise or counterclockwise around the table. Each player has their own set of five dice. In some places, the dice you have is known as your stash. The total number of dice (five per player) is known as the pool. All of the players: Place the dice in the cup.All of the players: Cover the cup with your hand.All of the players: Shake the cup with the dice inside.All of the players: Place (or slam) your cup upside down on the table, keeping your stash hidden from view.All of the players: Lift the cup and look at the dice, being careful not to reveal what youve rolled to anyone else.Player One calls how many dice of a certain value are on the table. This number is based on the entire pool, including his or her own stash. For example, Player One could call out, â€Å"two fives.† At this point, the remaining players can either accept the call and move on to the next player, or they have the option of calling Player One a liar. (It doesnt matter whether Player One has a five or not. Bluffing is not only allowed- its actually encouraged. What matters is if the next player believes Player One is bluffing and calls him or her out on it.)If Player One is believed, the next person becomes Player T wo. Player Two must now call out a number that is of greater value than the previous call. For example, if Player One called out â€Å"two fives,† Player Two must call out a minimum of â€Å"three fives.† â€Å"Three fours† or four twos† would also be unacceptable. However, even if the numerical face value is higher, Player Two cannot call out anything less than three of something. (For example, two sixes is not a legitimate call.) Again, if the Player Two is believed, the play moves on to the next player. When a players call is not believed, he or she is called out as a liar. At this point, everyone must reveal their dice. If the player who made the call is correct, the player who called him or her out must pay the forfeit. If he or she is incorrect, the forfeit is theirs. Once the forfeit is paid, the round is over and the winner begins the next round. If its drinking game, the forfeit usually involves doing a shot of whatever the player is drinking. Of course, you dont have to drink to play Liars Dice. Forfeits can also be money or some form of token.Subsequent rounds simply repeat the actions of the first until the predetermined number of rounds or the time limit is reached- or the players simply decide to call it quits. Tips for Players of Liars Dice In some versions of the game, the one is considered a wild number, which means it can be played as any number between two and six.Beware of cheaters who use the edge of their cup to turn their dice as they return it to the table after seeing what theyve rolled.When the venue becomes too noisy, players often use hand signals to indicate their calls rather than shouting them out. The first number is the how many, the second number is the value of the dice. The hand signals are as follows: One: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer finger upward.Two: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer and middle fingers upward into a V-shape (like a peace sign).Three: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer, middle, and ring fingers upward.Four: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer, middle, ring and pinky fingers upward.Five: Hold up your hand with all five fingers extended upward (like a stop sign) or pinch all five fingers together.Six: Fold the pointer, middle, and ring fingers into a fist and extend the thumb and pinky fingers outward.Seven: Make a fist and extend the thumb outward and pointer finger downward.Eight: Make a first and extend the thumb upward and the pointer finger forward (like a gun).Nine: Make a fist, extend the pointer finger and curve it (like making a C).Ten: Make a fist or using two hands, extend the pointer finger of the right hand upward and with the left hand extend the pointer finger to the right and cross it with the right hand forming a sig n.

Christianity and Democracy in America Term Paper

Christianity and Democracy in America - Term Paper Example In democratic countries, society is controlled in a lesser degree than the government. Consequently, democracy leads to the creation of opinions, sentiments, suggests ordinary practices of life, and modifies what it does not produce (Tocqueville 5). â€Å"The more I advanced in the study of American society, the more I perceived that the equality of conditions was the fundamental fact from which all others seemed to be derived, and the central point at which all my observations constantly terminated. I then turned my thoughts to our own hemisphere, and imagined that I discerned there also something analogous to the spectacle which the new world presented to me. I observed that the equality of conditions, though it has not yet reached, as in the United States, its extreme limits, is daily progressing towards them; and that the democracy which governs the American communities appears to be rapidly rising into power in Europe. From that moment I conceived the idea of the book which is now before the reader.† (Tocqueville 6). According to Tocqueville, American democracy is the best example that should be followed by other countries. He considers democracy to be the greatest and the most important issue of his time. However, America was seen by both democrats and aristocrats as a force that tries to divide Europe. Democrats argued that democratic principles should be exercised in the society while aristocrats tried to withstand the democratic spirit. Jacques Maritain Maritain, who was a Frenchman, majorly reflected on the church and the state. The state, according to Maritain, is political and is concerned with the common welfare of the people, the public order, and administration of public affairs. Further, he states that the state is a part of a society that protects and promotes the interests of the people. The state is not a person or a group of persons but rather an institution or institutions working together (Dougherty 13). Maritain further explains th e importance of a spirituality or Christianity in the state. From a religious point of view, the common good of the politics in the state is in direct ordination of something which transcends it. The state is controlled and is under the order of a supreme being. From a secular perspective, the church is an organization or a set of instructions concerned with the spiritual well being of an individual or of a believer. In political perspective, the good activities done by the citizens have an impact on the lives of the members of a community. Therefore, the church is necessary for the common good of the state and to the society. He further states that the church and the state cannot work in isolation or the ignorance of one another. In the body of a person, there is a part which is a member of the church and another part which is political. An absolute division of the church and the state cannot occur. The state and the church must cooperate (Maritain 15). Further, Maritain says that the state owes its political authority to the people. Citizens must be given a right to self government. The right of self governance is foreseen in the constitution, whether written or not written. The citizens are the group of persons who unite under just laws to achieve their common goal. However, the citizens are concerned not only with politics. Every individual has a spiritual soul; therefore, the people are above the state, the sate works for them not the citizens working for

The legend of silverheels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The legend of silverheels - Essay Example The miners who survived the epidemic proceeded to raise 5,000 dollars for her as an expression of gratitude. Upon reaching the abandoned cabin to hand over this token of gratefulness, the survivors became convinced that Silverheels had hidden herself since the plague had thoroughly scarred her. Many years after Buckskin Joe was pummeled down, there were multiple accounts of a woman in black veil gracing the graves of these who had perished in the 1861 epidemic being seen. Thus, the nearby mountain’s name was changed to Silverheels. Even today, there are still claims of a dark veiled woman walking about the Buckskin Joe cemetery. Conclusion The story remains speaks of events that took place during Colorado’s gold rush. Specifically, the legend explains how Mount Silverheels got its name and also corroborates with other accounts that divulge on the outbreak of leprosy in Colorado, in 1861. The legend also remains sacrosanct to career development since it underscores the importance of commitment to work ethics, especially in the field of nursing. If Silverheels though not a nurse could sacrifice her safety and person for the lepers, then nurses ought to emulate her, if not outdo her. The story is of great personal interest because of its immense contribution to the most important socio-cultural value which is selfless

Business Plan College Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Business Plan College - Assignment Example Those skills support Master Minder's goals. The UK's changing demographics have led to families becoming more fragmented with parents of young children often finding they have little or no close family support when they start a family. But professional babysitting agencies are an emerging business trend as they provide a cheap form of childcare and represent an attractive option for busy mothers who need help not only with childcare but also with light house hold duties. Childcare provision in the UK is a clearly segmented market, as a result of legislation and constantly changing market needs. British parents pay high childcare bills and despite Government initiatives and tax changes, there is a growing need for the expansion of private sector services. Service, price and reputation are essential success factors in the childcare services industry. Master Minders will compete well in this industry by offering competitive prices, high-quality childcare services and by maintaining an excellent reputation with parents and the community we serve. We will start our business on the First January 2009.We project healthy revenues and a high net profit for the four first years. The high profit will help the company to achieve its long-term goal which is to franchise and/or to become multi-location. Master Minder's mission is to contribute to the community by filling a need for specialized baby sitters. The company will provide baby sitters with a safe and independent environment. Close personal attention to each child is essential to providing a quality experience for all children; therefore, adequate personnel will be hired to ensure each child has the proper supervision whilst in our care. I.2. Objectives Master Minder's objectives are: To serve clients with needs for select, specialized baby sitters rather than clerical or light industrial baby sitters. To create a service based operation whose primary goal is to exceed customer's expectations. To increase the number of client's served by 10% each year. To develop a sustainable, profitable, start-up business. The long-term goal of the company is to franchise and/or to become multi-location, and eventually sell this business. I.3 Keys to success Keys to success for the company will include: Maintaining a high reputation in the community. Quality care by trainee program for our baby sitters. Maintaining and controlling cost to assure a sustainable profitable business. Offering flexible hours and competitive pricing, discounts and advantages to our customers to gain their loyalty. Master Minders is a temporary and permanent placement baby sitter agency working solely with skilled, professional baby sitters. Master Minders differs from other temporary and permanent placement agencies because of our skilled baby sitters and the variety of its services. Master Minders will be located in Reading. Master Minders will provide Baby sitters and Mother's Help Master Minders does the following for each

Wealth Distribution in the US

Wealth Distribution in the US United States of America consists of 50 states and one federal district, with capital in Washington. Unites States has the largest economy in the world, with a nominal GDP of $ 16.8 trillion by the year 2013.[1] The U.S. is a big producer of oil and largest producer of natural gas. It has the second place in the trade after China.[2] Moreover U.S. is the largest financial center in the world with a center in New York. The unemployment is 7.7% by the year 2013, meaning 12 million people,[3] whereas the population represents 315 million. It is a huge country with a huge territory and due to the differences in living standard of the population; the distribution of income and wealth is extremely unequal. 1.1 Current status on wealth distribution Wealth inequality means the unequal distribution of assets among American inhabitants in the United States. Assets or wealth refers to everything what the family or a person possess minus all debts e.g. the real estate, automobiles, stocks, bonds, businesses, savings, and investments minus all mortgages, vehicles loans, educational loans, financial assets loans etc.[4] According to President Obama (2014) the top wealthiest 1% possesses 40% of the nation’s wealth; the bottom 80% own 7%, which refers to the current state of the wealth distribution. The average employee needs to work more than a month to earn what the CEO earns in one hour.[5] Wealth is not something to spend on the daily expenditures, it should be a contribution to the income in order to achieve and retain the desired status and standard of living.[6] Wealth should support current consumption or should be retained to support the future consumption.[7] Moreover, wealth should be used for short- and long-term financial security, social prestige, and is a tool to get an access to political power, and can be used to produce more wealth.[8] The more wealth one has, the more power one has, and the less restrictions there are to live the life one likes. Generally the working and middle class finance all standard living costs through income and wages, while the rich are aiming on gaining more wealth, and making more profit of it.[9] 1.2 Historical change of wealth distribution in the US Changes in wealth from 1989 to 2001 By observing how the wealth of American households changes with the time, one can notice a general increase in wealthier individuals and a decrease in the number of poor households. Moreover the share of households with more debts than assets (negative net worth) significantly decreased from 9.5% in 1989 to 4.1% in 2001.[10] From 1995 to 2004, one can notice a significant growth among household wealth in the whole U.S., they doubled from $21.9 trillion to $43.6 trillion, which rely not only on the wealthy part of the country but on all residents of America, however the wealthiest of them used that time to make up 89% of this growth.[11] The situation on unequal wealth distribution in the U.S. was always an issue but during this time, wealth became only more unequal, and the wealthiest 25% became even wealthier. The significant role in an increase of housing wealth played life-cycles. Every baby-boom, people who reached the peak of their careers and the middle aged population contributed a lot to the general increase of wealth throw-out of the U.S., by achieving the comfortable levels of wealth.[12] The other explanation of a strong increase of household wealth is that financing the own houses / flats and cars became more accessible for all classes of population by introducing different financial products like mortgage loans, leasing etc and by introducing some social assistance e.g. granting favorable financial conditions for poor families. Table 1: Share of wealth held by the Bottom 99% and Top 1% in the United States, 1922-2010 Source: http://www2.ucsc.edu/whorulesamerica/power/wealth.html Changes in wealth after 2007 During the financial crisis the wealth of the households declined from 2007 to 2009 by a total of $17.5 trillion or 25.5%, which is comparable to one year of GDP.[13] However in 2010 the household net worth improved the performance by growing of 1.3 percent only to a total of $56.8 trillion. Still that growth was not enough to reach the value before the crisis and 15.7 percent is needed to recover.[14] According to statistics of 2007 the top 1% own 34.6% of the total U.S. wealth. The next 19% possess 50.5%, which means that the top 20% wealthiest possessed 85% of all financial assets, which is incredibly unequal. While the bottom 80% of the US residents owned only 15% of the total wealth.[15] As was mentioned before, the percentage of wealthy people in 2014 even increased. 1.3 Comparison with other countries The figures of 2013 showed that the wealth inequality in the U.S. was worse than in most developed countries. Moreover according to some figures the United States does not belong in the league of the developed countries due to the unequal wealth distribution. As the U.S. top 10% own 75.4%, comparing with other countries (2014): Australia 50.3%, Canada 57.4%, Denmark 72.2% , Finland 44.9%, France 51.8%, Germany 61.7%, Italy 49.8%, Japan 49.1%, Spain 54%, U.K. 53.3% and Singapore 61.1%, which means that the US has the most unequal wealth distribution among the top 20 developed countries. However there are even some extreme examples like Chile 72.5%, India 73.8%, Indonesia 75%, South Africa 74.8%, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine.[16] In case of Switzerland, Denmark and Sweden the percentage of people with their own houses there is quite low as they tend to rent flats but there is no big difference in population classes like in the U.S. 1.4 Wealth vs. Income It is important to distinguish two following definitions: Wealth and Income. Income refers to a flow of money (per hour, per week, or per year) which means wages and salaries, i.e. income which people receive through work, retirements and some social aids; whereas wealth refers to the assets owned, e.g. houses, cars, financial assets (stocks, bonds), investments etc.[17] However income inequality is not adequate enough to describe the economic inequality, as it does not replicate the full picture of individual’s economic situation as some people live from their wealth and not from the income. According to the United States Census Bureau definition income is received on a regular basis before payments for personal income taxes, social security, union dues, medicare deductions, etc†.[18] By considering this definition it’s clear that the wealthiest families have low income however they earn their money through their assets, which enables them to support their lifestyle. As was mentioned before dividends and bond payments are not included in the classification of income but are the primary source of funding. People in retirement have also little income but a higher wealth due to saving of money during their lifetime, which they hand over to their children and children would be wealthier than their parents due to usage of their assets to earn profit.[19] A low-income household with above-average wealth is not necessarily worse off than a medium-income household with no wealth.[20] By taking a look on a table below there is a comparison of top 1% and bottom 40% and it is obvious that by having only debts (like these 40%) it is very hard or impossible to create wealth. There is only little exception of people, who created much wealth in one generation, while most of the wealthiest come already from rich families and were born rich. Who can be this top 1% of the wealthy people in the United States? Most likely these people to be self-employed and they earn most of the income from capital and financial assets.[21] The most common professions are managers, physicians, IT-administrators, lawyers, and teachers.[22] The wealth is not something, which could be gained in a couple of years. There are assets, which are given from parents to the children in order to make more wealth on existing wealth. That’s why top 1% are wealthy U.S. families, which made their business long time ago. 1.5 Mechanism to gain wealth As was mentioned before wealth is assets like real estates, vehicles, stocks and other financial and non-financial property. While some people save their money the whole life to get a house and all other expenditure go for food, clothes, gas and travels, the others make more wealth out of their wealth and with each generation these families become wealthier. There rises a question what is the way for a normal average class man to gain wealth? There are some possibilities or buildings established by the Federal Government. There are 401k plans, 403b plans, and IRAs. These tools (pension funds) are so called tax shelters, which were made for working individuals. They transfer pre-tax contributions of earned income to the tax sheltered savings accounts.[23] Contributed assets in Roth IRAs (individual retirement arrangement) are tax free and all interests, dividends, and capital gains are all excluded from income taxes. However in order to invest in these tools, one need a relative high capital and it’s only available for those individuals and families, who can afford to bind their assets for a long time (typically until the investor reaches age of 60). [1] _ Gross Domestic Product: 4th Quarter and Annual 2013, Bureau of Economic Analysis [2] _ Inman, economics correspondent China overtakes US in world trade [3] _ Federal Reserve Database-FRED [4] _ Hurst, (2007) [5] _ Marsden, (January 26, 2014) [6] _ Grusky,(2001), page 637 [7] _ OECD (2013) Framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth, page 120 [8] _ Keister, page 64 [9] _ Gilbert, (1998) [10] _ US Federal Reserve on wealth distribution in the United States (2006) [11] _ Zhu Xiao Di. (2007) [12] _ US Federal Reserve on wealth distribution in the United States (2006) [13] _ Broder, (2010) [14] _ U.S. Federal Reserve, (2010) [15] _ Forbes (2011) by Deborah L. Jacobs [16] _ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-zuesse/us-is-now-the-most-unequa_b_4408647.html (2013) [17] _ Grusky, (2001), page 637 [18] _ U.S. Census Bureau, (2005) [19] _ Keister, (2004), page 65 [20] _ OECD (2013) Framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth, page 121 [21] _ New York Times (2012) [22] _ New York Times (2012) [23] _ 401(k) Resource Guide – Plan Participants – Limitation on Elective Deferrals

put it down :: essays research papers

put it down! The most hotly contested battlefield in the gender wars may not necessarily be in the bedroom. It may be the bathroom. The seat-up vs. seat-down debate rages on and some interpret this as a sign of male insensitivity and overall cloddishness. Although it doesn't rate up there with the unisex restroom in the Ally McBeal television show, the signage for the toilets at one Phoenix, Arizona advertising-public relations firm is an eye-catcher. Instead of the plain old "Men" and "Women" on the politically correct male and female door signs, the restrooms entries at Cramer-Krasselt are adorned with tasteful, nearly look-alike 3-inch square photos of a toilet. There is one difference -- one has the seat up and the other has the seat down. Is someone trying to tell us something? Come on, guys! Maybe it's time to be a little more considerate. Like paying attention to the little things. As a professional speaker, I lead seminars on personal relationships. In our discussions of "paying attention to the little things," taking the garbage out, leaving the toilet seat up and rolling the toilet paper the wrong way (among other things) seem to almost always creep into the conversation. Although we may laugh at such trivial things, the truth is, it is important to our partners to do the little things consistently. It shows them we value and respect them. Inventor, Tim Seniuk has the perfect solution to the "leaving the toilet seat up" problem. He has invented a toilet seat that goes down automatically after about two minutes. This $37 investment could save your marriage! You will never again have to worry about experiencing the "porcelain splash" in the middle of the night! ;-) Indifference is like water to a fire. The flame of love grows dim with indifference to your partner's needs. By far the most common and important way in which you can exercise your attention to your partner is by listening. Listening is an act of love. Women can often tell a man's interest in them by the length of his attention span. It is one thing to pay attention and quite another to acknowledge her request and then remember to do it more than once without having to be reminded. She is not your mother. It is unreasonable, and a breach of trust, to deny your lover's report of her feelings. When she expresses a need, it's your responsibility to do what you can to fulfil that need. put it down :: essays research papers put it down! The most hotly contested battlefield in the gender wars may not necessarily be in the bedroom. It may be the bathroom. The seat-up vs. seat-down debate rages on and some interpret this as a sign of male insensitivity and overall cloddishness. Although it doesn't rate up there with the unisex restroom in the Ally McBeal television show, the signage for the toilets at one Phoenix, Arizona advertising-public relations firm is an eye-catcher. Instead of the plain old "Men" and "Women" on the politically correct male and female door signs, the restrooms entries at Cramer-Krasselt are adorned with tasteful, nearly look-alike 3-inch square photos of a toilet. There is one difference -- one has the seat up and the other has the seat down. Is someone trying to tell us something? Come on, guys! Maybe it's time to be a little more considerate. Like paying attention to the little things. As a professional speaker, I lead seminars on personal relationships. In our discussions of "paying attention to the little things," taking the garbage out, leaving the toilet seat up and rolling the toilet paper the wrong way (among other things) seem to almost always creep into the conversation. Although we may laugh at such trivial things, the truth is, it is important to our partners to do the little things consistently. It shows them we value and respect them. Inventor, Tim Seniuk has the perfect solution to the "leaving the toilet seat up" problem. He has invented a toilet seat that goes down automatically after about two minutes. This $37 investment could save your marriage! You will never again have to worry about experiencing the "porcelain splash" in the middle of the night! ;-) Indifference is like water to a fire. The flame of love grows dim with indifference to your partner's needs. By far the most common and important way in which you can exercise your attention to your partner is by listening. Listening is an act of love. Women can often tell a man's interest in them by the length of his attention span. It is one thing to pay attention and quite another to acknowledge her request and then remember to do it more than once without having to be reminded. She is not your mother. It is unreasonable, and a breach of trust, to deny your lover's report of her feelings. When she expresses a need, it's your responsibility to do what you can to fulfil that need.

Bottom of the Pyramid Case Study Essay

1. As a junior member of your company’s committee to explore new markets, you have received a memo from the chairperson telling you to be prepared at the next meeting to discuss key questions that need to be addressed if the company decides to look further into the possibility of marketing to the BOP segment. The ultimate goal of this meeting will be to establish a set of general guidelines to use in developing a market strategy for any one of the company’s products to be marketed to the â€Å"aspirational poor†. These guidelines needs not be company or product specific at this time. In fact, think of the final guideline as a checklist- a series of questions that a company could use as a start in evaluating the potential of a specific BOP market segment for one of its products. Right now on this planet there are 2,582 people living for less than $2 a day and it is this group that makes up the bottom of the economic pyramid (BOP). With this group constituting such a large and diverse part of the market, many organizations have been seeking to make their presence larger in this area of the market with their products and services. This move is incredibly organizationally strategic as the BOP market has a need for advanced technology. However in order for this market initiative to be successful these products must be accompanied by the correct infrastructure support. Even more to this point, for most products, demand is contingent on the customer having sufficient purchasing power. With this in mind, designing a business model to serve the market BOP has to start with a basic insight rather than tinkering or tailoring a minor detail of the current business model. Firms and companies must understand that the creation of markets out of unmet needs is paramount. Along with this, companies need to ensure that their products are profitable, actually serve the poor and are good for them as well. The BOP is a hard market to crack. Not only do firms have to account for the 4 P’s of marketing but also, they now must accommodate the four challenges of BOP marketing. These challenges, awareness, availability, accessibility and affordability are the obstacles that stand in the way of a product being successful or not. If appropriately  traversed, the company can expect to see huge profits. However this can only be done through a very thorough understanding of this unique market and the appropriate application of practical and pragmatic marketing strategies. The BOP is not for every company. This market is often thought of as dominated by governments, aid agencies, non-profits, etc. Many companies and firms choose to leave this market segment to the aforementioned groups as they deem it as an unnecessary investment. One of the main reasons for this is the fact that the general population is constrained by their income. If the cost of producing a reasonably quality product is high, then the average consumer in this market would not be able to afford it. Not only this, but increasing consumption very well may not be sustainable in these BOP areas. With this in mind, there are many questions a company should ask in relation to the BOP target market. Some guidelines or questions that would be wise to ask in relation to the BOP are: When looking across different product categories the BOP consume, is it only basic needs? In what product categories are the products the most successful? What type and range of product should we provide? What does the consumer want from the product? What should be the name of the product? How is it differentiated from the competitors How do we best communicate with our target market consumers and persuade them to buy? 2. Marketing to the BOP raises a number of issues revolving around the social responsibility of marketing efforts. Write a position paper either pro or con on one of the following: a. Is it exploitation for a company to profit from selling soaps, shampoo, personal computers, and ice cream, and so on, to people with little disposable income? b. Can making loans to customers whose income is less than $100 monthly at interest rates of 20 percent to purchase TVs, cell phones, and other  consumer durables be justified? c. One authority argues that squeezing profits from people with little disposable income-and often not enough to eat- is not capitalist exploitation but rather that it stimulates economic growth. In this day of age, it pays dividends to have a highly active and involved market. If you take a step back, and look at the characteristics of the developed nations of the world and compare them to those of the third world or developing countries, many differences can be noted. However, one reoccurring trend is that of the absence of a strong, diverse, international and active marketplace in many of the poorer countries. The places of business found in these areas tend to operate on a local system with transactions taking place between natives and sometimes even forgoing currency to barter. Slowly, many large companies and firms are taking note of these markets. These BOP (bottom of the pyramid) markets are ripe with opportunity for those willing to take the risk. Many people see this as capitalist exploitation, but in reality, it stimulates economic growth. The extension of a company or firm into a BOP market means investing large amounts of time and capital into the project. These firms want to turn a profit and through cautious investing, will try and insure that. With investments come points of contact, the construction of a physical, tangible storefront, a service scape. With the installation of these comes the need of staffing, people to operate the stores, sell the product and carry the company message. Just like in India with Unilever. Several locals were given an opportunity to leave the life they were living behind for any opportunity at better existence. Now 1,300 women are selling Unilever products in 50,000 villages in 12 states in India, totaling to about 15% of the company’s rural sales in those states. Many individuals tend to harbor xenophobic traits or a fear of change. In reality when if they could take a more logical approach, the benefits of foreign investment would far outweigh their fears. More and more people are realizing this and slowly are opening up to the idea. The Vietnamese are an  example. At this moment, Vietnam has more than 100,000 independent sales representatives working for Unilever to push their products into the remote BOP markets. Such a large force of human capital could never have been employed if it wasn’t for the targeting of these markets. An argument may be brought up that their purchasing power is not strong enough or maybe that they are being exploited. However, in reality, foreign investment allows for growth and progress that these areas would never of been a part of it wasn’t for these large companies and firms help.

Boracay as a Model for Carabao Island

Boracay, an island in the province of Aklan, still remains as one of the world’s best island getaways. In February this year, Boracay was named the top island getaway of Travel+Leisure Magazine (ABS-CBN, 2013). The island has always been part of many other rankings of beaches and island destinations. Amidst all the praises that the island has gained, many issues have risen and still exist in the island. In 1997, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources announced that Boracay’s waters off Long Beach were contaminated with coliform (Trousdale, 1999).This was blamed on inadequate sewage treatment and is aggravated by the large number of tourists arriving in the island (Lujan, 2003). This is still a problem in the island until now and yet tourists still flock to Boracay all year round. In the documentary, â€Å"Ang Tagong Boracay†, it was shown that resorts are still being put up in Boracay even with over 300 resorts already lining up the beachfront. This has happened despite directives from the national government to stop building in Boracay.Tourists still flock to Boracay despite the overcrowding and waste management issues to see what it is about this island that makes it world famous. Many other tourists go here for the famous night parties of Boracay. And of course, Boracay’s famous powdery white sand which is actually pulverized calcium carbonate from dead corals is also a reason for the numerous tourists in the area. Carabao Island is an island an hour away from Boracay. It is under the municipality of San Jose of Romblon. Carabao Island has white sand beaches as well. Many of its residents are workers in Boracay.The local government plans to make the island a tourism destination. Documentaries such as the â€Å"Ang Tagong Boracay† create awareness for people about the situation in Boracay but this has been a long-term problem of the island. And there have been numerous news and journal articles about the situati on there and still only band-aid solutions have been presented. Arrivals remain to be strong in Boracay (Trousdale, 1999). This is one of the reasons why local leaders seem to ignore the fact that Boracay has become a crowded island with corresponding environmental problems.One instance is how they refuse to recognize that the algal blooms are partially a result of the rapid development of tourism facilities without proper planning (Pillout, 1996 in Trousdale, 1999). Management must be consistent and proactive (Trousdale, 1999). In the case of Boracay, the management is the local government. The local government should be responsive. Solutions must not only be for the short term. Trousdale stated that long term threats to future generations come from the undesirable cumulative effects of development which result from the absence of day-to-day management of the island.Many ordinances and policies have already been passed to solve Boracay’s many problems. The key to this is the proper and efficient implementation of these policies. The local government must be watchful and strict in implementing these policies and national government directives. Good governance is needed to identify and prioritize the community values and fuse them with technical answers that are most suitable. Development must always be planned. Pattaya is an example of unplanned and spontaneous coastal development in Southeast Asia (Wong, 1998).It has a 300-meter stretch of bars, nightclubs and massage parlors. Unplanned development has caused environmental degradation where the island’s natural tree cover has been removed, wetlands have been converted into open sewers, the beachfront land has been exploited and sea and beach has been polluted due to inadequate sewage treatment. Careful planning must be applied in Carabao Island before they start the implementation of their plans to open it as a tourism destination. According to Wong, environmental impact assessments are very imp ortant especially in coastal tourism developments.This must not just be done for big projects only but must also cover small constructions as well. Wong notes that Boracay demonstrates that small-scale tourism is possible. However, when tourist arrivals increase and planning was not done, the undesirable impacts can be serious. Therefore, planning really is important. Standards must also be enforced (Wong, 1998). Much like the policies, they must be implemented and regularly checked. For example, there are already developments in the disposal of sewage.Pipes must be regularly checked for cracks to avoid groundwater contamination. This also, lessens the need for additional costs once contamination occurs. Boracay is a good example of what not to do in tourism destinations. Through the efforts of the national government, the local government, tourism organizations, non-government organizations and the locals, Boracay can still be fixed. What they need is a workshop with representative s from each of the sectors to talk about the existing issues of the island.At the end of the workshop, new policies should be crafted and implemented. Carabao Island, on the other hand, must first consult with the locals. This is one of the important steps in tourism planning as they know more about the place. Careful planning, good governance and constant checking of the plan must be maintained throughout the implementation of the tourism plan. The combination of these guarantees that a certain destination remains sustainable. Bibliography Lujan, N. (2003, January 20-21). Boracay's Road to Ruin.Retrieved March 5, 2013, from Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism: http://pcij. org/stories/2003/boracay. html Malig, J. (2013, February 21). Boracay named 2012 world's best island. Retrieved March 5, 2013, from ABSCBNnews. com: http://www. abs-cbnnews. com/lifestyle/07/06/12/boracay-named-2012-worlds-best-island Trousdale, W. J. (1999). GOVERNANCE IN CONTEXT: Boracay Island, Phil ippines. Annals of Tourism Research , 840-867. Wong, P. (1998). Coastal tourism development in Southeast Asia. Ocean & Coastal Management , 89-109.